Speciality Hospital
What is BPH?
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a non-cancerous
enlargement of the prostate gland that can cause urinary difficulties. It
becomes more common with age, particularly after 50.
Causes
- BPH
is linked to hormonal changes, specifically testosterone and its
derivative, dihydrotestosterone (DHT).
- Certain
medications (e.g., antihistamines, decongestants) can temporarily worsen
symptoms by reducing bladder contraction.
Symptoms
BPH develops as the enlarged prostate compresses the
urethra, leading to:
- Difficulty
starting urination
- Weak
or interrupted urine flow
- Frequent
urination, especially at night (nocturia)
- Urgency
to urinate
- Feeling
the bladder hasn’t emptied fully
These symptoms are sometimes called Lower Urinary Tract
Symptoms (LUTS) and may overlap with other conditions like bladder
infections or prostate cancer.
Complications
If untreated, BPH can lead to:
- Bladder
infections or stones due to urine stagnation
- Kidney
damage from prolonged pressure on the bladder
- Complete
urinary retention, causing pain and the inability to urinate
Diagnosis
- Digital
Rectal Exam (DRE): Checks for prostate enlargement.
- PSA
Test: Elevated levels can indicate BPH or prostate cancer.
- Uroflowmetry:
Measures urine flow speed and bladder emptying.
- Imaging
Tests (e.g., Ultrasound, MRI): Help assess prostate size and rule out
cancer.
Treatment Options
Medications:
- Alpha-blockers
(e.g., Tamsulosin): Relax prostate muscles, improving urine flow.
- 5-Alpha
Reductase Inhibitors (e.g., Finasteride): Reduce prostate size by
blocking DHT.
Surgery:
- Transurethral
Resection of the Prostate (TURP): Removes prostate tissue to relieve
obstruction.
- Newer,
minimally invasive procedures include laser therapy, microwave
thermotherapy, and radiofrequency ablation.
Takeaway
BPH is common but manageable with proper medical guidance.
If you experience urinary symptoms, consult your doctor for early diagnosis and
treatment. Regular follow-ups can prevent complications and improve your
quality of life.